In der erbrechtlichen Praxis häufen sich im Zuge der technischen Entwicklung „formlose Testamente“ von Erblassern, die nicht von den gesetzlich vorgesehenen Testamentsformen Gebrauch machen. Im Lichte der einschlägigen Vorschriften ist ein solches Testament meist unwirksam; der letzte Wille des Erblassers entfaltet trotz eindeutiger Testierabsicht keine Rechtswirkungen hinsichtlich seines Nachlasses. Während der COVID-19-Pandemie hat die Notwendigkeit des zügigen Abfassens von Testamenten deutlich zugenommen – die zugleich nur selten allen formalen Anforderungen entsprechen.
Dieses Werk entwirft normative Lösungen zur Reform der Testamentsform, die es ermöglichen, den letzten Willen des Erblassers unabhängig von der Art und Weise der Errichtung und der Aufzeichnung wiederzugeben.
englischIn recent years in particular, as a result of the very rapid development of various technologies, the phenomenon of so-called informal wills has appeared on a large scale in the practice of succession law. These are wills made by testators who, when disposing of their assets in the event of their death, do not make use of the forms of will provided for by the law. This is most often the result of ignorance or confusion as to the admissibility of a particular method of disposing of assets in the event of their death. In the light of the relevant provisions such a will is frequently invalid. Despite clear and convincing evidence and testation intentions, the testator's last will does not produce any legal effects regarding his estate. The inappropriateness of this kind of solutions was shown, among others, during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the need for making last wills has increased significantly, and has rarely been executed in a manner consistent with the formalities. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to design such a normative solution which could function in the provisions of succession law as one that constructs the legal figure of the form of a will.
