Cyberspionage im Völkerrecht

Cyber espionage is established state practice. Even 10 years after Edward Snowden, it raises questions of public international law, which this work examines. While there is hardly any evidence of limiting norms in the law of international relations, cyber espionage affects human rights guarantees of privacy and freedom of expression. The extraterritorial application of human rights treaties is still controversial. The study outlines a possible solution and analyzes the current legal status of the ICCPR and ECHR with regard to low-threshold cyber operations. Another focus is on questions of proportionality, taking particular account of the case law of HRC and ECHR.