Der vorprozessuale und innerprozessuale Zugriff auf Kronzeugenerklärungen im Private Enforcement unter der Kartellschadensersatzrichtlinie 2014/104/EU

Leniency documents provide a substantial evidence concerning private antitrust enforcement. Preventing their publication is a central regulatory element of the private enforcement directive 2014/104/EU. After a short overview of the basic principles of the private enforcement, the author indicates which legal instruments are by now available to gain insight into the leniency documents which are protected by the antitrust authorities, during the pre-trial and current trial procedure stadium and what need for adoption the private enforcement directive has for the national law. Furthermore, consideration is given in how far the incalculable protection of leniency documents infringes primary European law in the form of the Articles 101 and 102 AEUV and the right of evidence in accordance with Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.