Die Europäische Richtlinie 2020/1828 über Verbandsklagen und ihre Umsetzung in Deutschland und Spanien

The study conducts a comparative legal analysis of instruments for collective redress in civil proceedings in Germany and Spain. It critically examines the implementation of Directive (EU) 2020/1828 on representative actions, assessing how each jurisdiction aligns its legal frameworks with the directive's mandates. In addition, the analysis considers the US class action system and collective procedures in Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia. The aim is to explore the balance between procedural efficiency and individual justice and to derive potential policy recommendations for legislators in Germany and Spain. The study is limited thematically to civil collective actions in the form of group and representative actions.