Instrumente zur vorinsolvenzlichen Sanierung des Unternehmensträgers

European integration has not only changed the career opportunities of politicians, but it has also expanded them. This volume is dedicated to the study of political career patterns. It focuses on parliamentary careers in selected European countries, but the U.S. is also included as it has a long-standing system with multi-level politics. The contributions represent a systematic investigation into level-hopping practices in Europe. While discussing the logic of moves across political levels, special attention is given to the impact of institutional reforms. The results indicate that the traditional model of career mobility, with the national level as the apex of a career, is still of importance in most countries; however, a clear trend towards multi-directional political careers is also developing.