Täterschaft und Teilnahme im Schiffsbetrieb

How can criminal responsibility for marine pollution be effectively assigned in complex shipping companies? The author develops a systematic attribution model for managers against the backdrop of growing organisational obligations and liability risks. The structural separation between events on board and decision-making structures on land serves as a dogmatic point of reference. The attribution instruments are specified in the context of perpetration, participation and omission dogma. Precise criteria and reform perspectives in the international and European context are developed in a German–Greek legal comparison, taking into account the Environmental Criminal Law Directive 2024.